Toncoin utilizes a Proof of Stake (PoS) model with the Catchain consensus algorithm to provide a secure, scalable, and efficient multi-chain environment. Core Components of Toncoin’s Consensus: 1. Proof of Stake (PoS) with Validators: Validator Role: Validators are required to stake Toncoin to participate in consensus. They validate transactions and secure the network by processing blocks and maintaining network integrity. 2. Catchain Consensus Algorithm: High Scalability and Speed: The Catchain consensus protocol is specifically designed for Toncoin’s multi-chain architecture, optimizing for fast and scalable operations across multiple shards. Multi-Chain Compatibility: Catchain supports a sharded environment, allowing different chains (or shards) to reach consensus efficiently. This approach enhances the network’s ability to process a high volume of transactions in parallel. 3. Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT): Fault Tolerance: The Catchain protocol is Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT), meaning it can tolerate some level of malicious or faulty behavior among validators. This BFT compliance ensures that the network remains secure and functional even when a minority of validators act maliciously. 4. Validator Rotation and Slashing: Regular Rotation: Validators are rotated regularly to enhance decentralization and security. This system prevents any single validator or group from maintaining control over consensus indefinitely. Slashing for Malicious Behavior: Validators who act maliciously or fail to perform their duties may be penalized through slashing, losing a portion of their staked Toncoin. This discourages dishonest behavior and promotes reliable network participation.
奖励机制与相应费用
Toncoin incentivizes network security, participation, and efficiency through staking rewards, transaction fees, and slashing penalties. Incentive Mechanisms: 1. Staking Rewards for Validators: Rewards for Securing the Network: Validators earn staking rewards for actively participating in the network’s consensus process and ensuring its security. These rewards are provided in Toncoin and are proportional to each validator’s staked amount, encouraging validators to maintain their roles responsibly. 2. Transaction Fees: Ongoing Income for Validators: Validators also receive a share of transaction fees from the blocks they validate, providing a consistent reward that grows with network usage. This additional income incentivizes validators to process transactions accurately and efficiently. 3. Decentralization through Validator Rotation: Fair and Balanced Participation: The frequent rotation of validators ensures that new participants can join the validator set, promoting decentralization and preventing monopolization of the network by a small group of validators. 4. Slashing Mechanism: Penalties for Dishonest Behavior: To maintain security, Toncoin enforces a slashing mechanism that penalizes validators who act maliciously or fail to fulfill their duties. This risk of losing staked Toncoin encourages validators to behave honestly and fulfill their responsibilities. Applicable Fees: Transaction Fees: Transaction fees on the TON blockchain are paid in Toncoin. These fees vary based on transaction complexity and network demand, ensuring that validators are compensated for their work and that resources are efficiently utilized.
信息披露时间段的开始日期
2024-06-02
信息披露时间段的结束日期
2025-06-02
能源报告
能源消耗
1415835.00000 (kWh/a)
可再生能源消耗
26.538687083 (%)
能源强度
0.00003 (kWh)
主要能源来源与评估体系
To determine the proportion of renewable energy usage, the locations of the nodes are to be determined using public information sites, open-source crawlers and crawlers developed in-house. If no information is available on the geographic distribution of the nodes, reference networks are used which are comparable in terms of their incentivization structure and consensus mechanism. This geo-information is merged with public information from Our World in Data, see citation. The intensity is calculated as the marginal energy cost wrt. one more transaction.
Ember (2025); Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Share of electricity generated by renewables – Ember and Energy Institute” [dataset]. Ember, “Yearly Electricity Data Europe”; Ember, “Yearly Electricity Data”; Energy Institute, “Statistical Review of World Energy” [original data]. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables
能源消耗来源与评估体系
For the calculation of energy consumptions, the so called “bottom-up” approach is being used. The nodes are considered to be the central factor for the energy consumption of the network. These assumptions are made on the basis of empirical findings through the use of public information sites, open-source crawlers and crawlers developed in-house. The main determinants for estimating the hardware used within the network are the requirements for operating the client software. The energy consumption of the hardware devices was measured in certified test laboratories. When calculating the energy consumption, we used - if available - the Functionally Fungible Group Digital Token Identifier (FFG DTI) to determine all implementations of the asset of question in scope and we update the mappings regulary, based on data of the Digital Token Identifier Foundation.
排放报告
DLT 温室气体排放范围一：可控排放
0.00000 (tCO2e/a)
DLT 温室气体排放范围二：外购排放
471.20839 (tCO2e/a)
温室气体排放强度
0.00001 (kgCO2e)
主要温室气体来源与评估体系
To determine the GHG Emissions, the locations of the nodes are to be determined using public information sites, open-source crawlers and crawlers developed in-house. If no information is available on the geographic distribution of the nodes, reference networks are used which are comparable in terms of their incentivization structure and consensus mechanism. This geo-information is merged with public information from Our World in Data, see citation. The intensity is calculated as the marginal emission wrt. one more transaction.
Ember (2025); Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Carbon intensity of electricity generation – Ember and Energy Institute” [dataset]. Ember, “Yearly Electricity Data Europe”; Ember, “Yearly Electricity Data”; Energy Institute, “Statistical Review of World Energy” [original data]. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-intensity-electricity Licenced under CC BY 4.0
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